How the Biodigester system works

How the Biodigester system works. Grease Interceptor, Bio Digester, and Soak Pit

How the Biodigester system works.

A biodigester is an on-site Waste Management system and consists of an inlet that collects sewage from different points into an outlet that channels it to the soak pit.

The biodigester system uses controlled anaerobic digestion of human waste-producing by-products, such as biogas, organic compost, and water. 

How the Biodigester system works

The system consists of an inlet that collects sewage from different points into an outlet that transports it to the soak pit.

A biodigester consists of three main parts; a grease interceptor, a biological digester, and a soak pit. It also separates waste into grey and black waters.

How the Biodigester system works

Blackwater contains solid matter from the toilets, while the grey matter is collected from the kitchen, hand washbasins, and laundry.

After flushing the toilet, the matter goes through a pipe system. The black water is then directed into the biodigester, which uses naturally occurring anaerobic bacteria to treat it by digesting the matter while eliminating the disease-causing organisms (Pathogen).

Greywater is a combination of fats, oils, greases, waxes, and detergents, making it chemically unstable and not fit for the biodigester.

Instead, it is passed through a grease interceptor to get rid of fats, which can be harmful to the environment.

The faecal matter and other organic matter settle at the tank’s bottom through a biodegradation process and are converted by the bacteria into water and gas.

Breaking down the sewage matter takes a few days.

The biodegradation process, which breaks down organic matter into water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and methane, starts as soon as the sewage is flushed.

The process eliminates carbon dioxide and methane gases, leaving nitrogen-rich water that is good for plants.

However, further treatment of the water is required to make it fit for domestic use.

The methane gas produced can be used for cooking and other energy needs. However, it has to be generated from big projects, such as schools and hospitals.

Biodigester tank works well for residential homes, schools, and hospitals, among others, because it eliminates the risk of spreading diseases.

Maintenance of a Biodigester

Biodigesters are sustainable because they are easy to maintain so long as the three simple necessary activities to keep the system efficiently working are followed:

  • Plastics and other non-biodegradable material should not be thrown into the toilets. They may block the connection to the biodigester. They may also affect the production of gas and make difficult the dislodging operation. However, hygienic paper can be thrown into the toilet.
  • On the other hand, once the system starts to produce gas, it should be used often to keep the anaerobic process equilibrated and stop the gas from going through the water outline pipes.

The solid waste should be dislodged once every two to three years. An excessive leaking of water is a sign that this operation is needed. For a biodigester built for schools, with an average use of 50 students per toilet per day, it is necessary to dislodge the solid part once every two to three years.

Biodigester Design & Different Biodigester parts

A biodigester consists of three main parts; a grease interceptor, a biological digester, and a soak pit. It also separates waste into grey and black waters.

Blackwater contains solid matter from the toilets, while the grey matter is collected from the kitchen, hand washbasins, and laundry.

After flushing the toilet, the matter goes through a pipe system. The black water is then directed into the biodigester, which uses naturally occurring anaerobic bacteria to treat it by digesting the matter while eliminating the disease-causing organisms.

Biodegradation is the naturally-occurring breakdown of materials by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi or other biological activity. Composting is a human-driven process in which biodegradation occurs under a specific set of circumstances.

The biodegradation process, which breaks down organic matter into water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and methane, starts as soon as the sewage is flushed. The process eliminates carbon dioxide and methane gases, leaving nitrogen rich water that is good for plants.

However, further treatment of the water is required to make it fit for domestic use.

How the Biodigester system works

Why  Biodigester System is Important?

  • The discharging of untreated wastewater to the natural environment resources can be harmful to the ecosystems. 
  • The inadequate handling and disposal of sewage can lead to health problems.
  • Human sewage generated from homes causes severe pollution and has harmful pathogens.
  • The present ‘on-site’ systems of sewage disposal do not provide much in the way of treatment.
  • The too-high cost of high-tech waste management systems 
  • The Biodigester can produce biogas in place of LPG and firewood/ The need for alternative energy sources.
  • When doing an environmental impact assessment on buildings, the NEMA expert recommends a biodigester septic tank, especially on commercial and residential buildings, to conserve pollutants’ environment.

 

 

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